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Technology in education-How far are we?


Its a tech world now. We are all trapped in this heavily wired world (now getting wireless). At homes, at workplaces, be it anywhere, its technology all the way. In education, its essentially the computer when we talk of technology in education. Information is just a click away, so why not make the most of it? In the classrooms, instruction for all subjects integrating the computer still needs to be put together by the teacher, as just having the gadget around for comfort, and allowing the children to use it for reference, as the teachers most often do, would not make much sense. So what else would be its use? This is what exactly needs to be formulated I think. Besides a whole new set of economics have to be worked out by school authorities, as right from the furniture, to creating an ambience, for wired classrooms needs to be looked into.

Teaching, after all does go on in classrooms in India, without computers, in a majority of schools. And pretty well when it comes to dissemination of information. Our children from good schools, make it to the international arena of education, earning good names for themselves.

So then why this urgent need for for computers in classrooms? It simply clears doubts, informs a little more, and makes the child a little more confident of what he/she has just learned in class.

There is need for a proper curriculum underlining the use of computers, and how it needs to be integrated with specific references to the instructions given, has to be looked into. Shuchi, has in her recent articles in this forum, told us about blogging, wikis, podcasting, which are such useful tools, especially for teachers. I suddenly feel the need to start learning and bring this knowledge to use.

It seems like a vast confusing puzzle, as of now, maybe to most teachers, but it is apparent that we are not very far from using technology in education, in more and more schools in our country.

I came across this article, in the Hindu about the new technology tools that allow anyone "to become an author, a creator, or a researcher" and wondered at the timing of Shuchi's posts. Seems coincidental, but maybe its time...

Thank you for posting this elog, and that link to the Hindu article. I am very glad that teachers have started to think about what can be done with technology in their classrooms. That is exactly where I place my work - technology in education :) Unfortunately, India does not have too many people who are experienced in, and knowledgeable enough about both technology AND education, to serve as resource people for schools and teachers. I find myself in a very small minority when I work with schools and teachers, and organizations/educational institutions working to educate teachers. Much of my work revolves around answering/clarifying many of the pertinent questions you have raised, Varni.

In fact, since I find myself geographically limited mostly to Bangalore (although I do work with some schools/organizations in other metros, and teachers worldwide through some distance teacher education programs I am involved with), I have taken to writing articles in the hope that I will reach a wider audience. One of the articles I wrote in Education World last year had to do with the questions you have posed.

"Technology = Computers" is a common misconception that I tackle. To quote from my article -

"Installing adequate educational technology infrastructure. The most common mistake schools make is to equate ‘technology’ with ‘computers’. The term ‘Educational Technology’ may include a wide gamut of hardware such as digital cameras, audio and video recorders, scanners, printers, Internet, TV, radio, graphing calculators, GPS (for GIS in schools), handheld probes and sensors, digital microscopes, robotics and other science kits; and software that goes beyond the usual Microsoft Office Suite (although MS Excel and Access are also great tools), to include image processing & movie-making software, tools for ‘brain-based’ learning for children such as concept-map makers, GIS for mapping and such, as well as the new Internet-based software tools for collaboration & communication. All these work (with or without computers) to enhance teaching and learning, and allow teachers to truly ‘leverage’ technology to allow students and teachers to do things they could not do otherwise."

To this I would add (since the article is somewhat dated) - software such as Scratch (discussed here on educatorslog.in), Google SketchUp, Microworlds LOGO, Geometer SketchPad and several others that can be used to foster creative and critical thinking and learning among children.

Using technology (computers with Internet access) only for information gathering would be a very poor return on investment. Since there is so much to share on this subject, I will post an elog on all the ways technology can, and should, be used in education today, especially if schools already have some technology infrastructure or have the wherewithal to invest in some.

(I could go on and on on this topic ... :))

Thanks, Shuchi, for this valuable info.And of course clearing misconceptions about what we think as technology in education means. Well, waiting for more from you on  how technology can/could be used in classrooms. 

Central Institute of Educational Technology, a unit of NCERT , a government organization is committed to promote educational technology. Can go on the site and see the work done:

http://www.ciet.nic.in/

Going through this article , I thought that I could share it in this space with fellow teachers and educators, to see where we all stand in the tech arena of education. Not very far I would say. But surely theres lots to cover still...

What a wonderful discussion is raging on that link you shared, Varni! Thanks so much! I jumped on it, and added to that discussion as well, and raised questions about mere technological "literacy" vs. technological "fluency". The latter, I believe, is the need of the hour. A lot of teachers in India (as in the rest of the world) are technologically "literate", but are they able to leverage new technologies effectively in their teaching? I think not! That comes with a far greater level of savviness and awareness, or as I put it, "fluency", with technology.

Anyway, here's my response that I posted there. Do let me know what you all think....

"I join this wonderful discussion from far-away Bangalore, where I grapple with these questions and issues on a daily basis, as an educational technologist and teacher educator working with teachers in urban India.

I don't believe being even simply digitally "literate" will cut it if a teacher wants to leverage new technologies meaningfully for better learning. Digital literacy is obviously a start, but what teachers need to be is digitally "fluent" with technology to know what tools to use in different learning situations.

Just as fluency with a language takes one beyond mere literacy and helps one understand the nuances of a language, digital fluency also helps one handle the unexpected when it comes to technology – which, as it turns out, is quite often the case. This does not mean that teachers need to be trained computer professionals. It does mean, however, that teachers should move beyond viewing the computer or any other piece of hardware as a mysterious object that only the very exalted can handle. They should be able to playfully explore a piece of technology (be it a digital camera or a new piece of software) without fear or intimidation. Unless they achieve this comfort level with technology, they will constantly be faced with situations where they have to abort a technology-based lesson due to a problem that they could have handled with some fearless ‘poking around’.

Mere digital literacy will also keep teachers from moving beyond naive (or even gimmicky) uses of technology in their classrooms - (powerpoint presentations, superficial use of the Internet for topical research and such). In today’s networked world, digital fluency also means teachers harness the power of technology (the internet in particular) for communications and collaboration through the many, varied, mostly free tools of the new web (blogs, wikis, podcasts, in addition to good ole' email and e-groups).

A good teacher who is also technologically savvy will know when good old fashioned teaching techniques will work, and when a tech tool will serve the teaching and learning process better. She will always use technology as a means to an end, and not and end in itself. She will appreciate the value that pedagogies like Waldorf bring to a learning environment, but she will also be aware of tools like Scratch that aid problem-solving, creativity and collaboration and sharing.

Like the comment above says, "it is not necessary to use every new tool out there", and not all the time either. A technologically "fluent" teacher will be able to strike the balance and mix it up and design the learning experiences effectively with appropriate technology tools, or without any technology tool at all, depending on the particular learning situation and need. I doubt that a teacher who is only digitally "literate" will be able to do that. Unfortunately, a large percentage of the teachers who use technology in their classrooms, probably all over the world, fall in the latter category. I believe that that is a big reason why questions are still being raised about whether technology can truly impact learning!" 

Fluency is marked by the original things. The current scheme of education is pretty well knit. It provides for original productions by the various delivery agents (schools, teachers, districts) within the clearly-defined organisation. More or less, most of the agents are fluent within this organisation.

The electronic information and communication techniques are radically different in what they can help achieve. To be literate, fluent -original- with these is, more or less, to separate from the extant organisation/schema.

It's a case of putting the cart before the horse. The educator has to pull the ICt, it cannot be the other way round. The "problem" lies in the rapid development of the ICt. Deploying a dozen satellites or a trans-oceanic optic fibres or a million computers on the store shelves is literally a child's play compared to redefining the meaning of information and communication.

To expect anything more than the superficial adaption that has been the norm in the past couple of decades (and will continue as such) is to lose sight of what information and communication is, I think.

Yes I agree that the educator has to 'pull' (or 'need') the ICT, and that a lot of technology has entered schools without teachers asking or wanting it, and much (or any) thought being given to how it redefines and transforms learning, and knowledge acquisition in schools.

Not sure I understand your last sentence. 

[Posted by pooteacher (in response to the Encycopedia of Life post) that has been copied here]

dear suchi,

Apart from the core computer skills...hardware, software, wordprocessing, graphics, spreadsheets....etc, the Technology world is evolving....i wld list Blogging & Podcasting as an addition to this, do u agree? if yes list some more from ur experience that students shld get trained while in school.

 

Technology use must have pedagogical purpose and make sense to reach some learning goal that a teacher has for her students.

Yes, Poonam, blogging and podcasting (see all the posts with the 'web 2.0' tag here on educatorslog.in), but those tools should be used within a larger context of teaching/training students how to collaborate/share/communicate/publish using digital tools and artifacts in an increasingly connected 'flat' world. This therefore means that kids/teachers should be comfortable collaborating using tools like Google docs, publishing videos on Youtube, sharing weblinks through social bookmarking, creating audio artifacts (that they may publish to the world in that form of a podcast), communicating with their peers, teachers or the world at large through a blog.

I don't believe kids need to be taught "hardware" which is the way a lot of schools introduce technology to students - "this is a CPU, this is an input-device called a mouse/keyboard, the computer has RAM" etc etc (and then a 'quiz' to fill-in-the-blanks or match-the-following). These are "facts" the kids either know about anyway - or pick up quickly enough through doing more meaningful tasks on the computer. Even tools like word processing - the kids learn 'on the job' so to speak, so such learning is best 'embedded' or 'integrated' in a meaningful activity.

Spreadsheets can be taught and leveraged in the context of any topic that involves causal relationships.

Kids should learn to express themselves and be creative through digital media, which means learning how to manipulate images, videos, audio, create digital stories, create websites - lots of free tools for doing all these. All these should, however, be embedded in authentic learning tasks, and not done as "add-ons" in a separate "technology class".

There is much we all can add to this list on an ongoing basis, so I will perhaps create a separate post on "Technology that Kids should Learn With/About in School" or some such title :)

Was really fascinated with this article that I read, we get to know more on tech-in-ed.

Good article. Thanks varni. Videos for science education are a great idea. I went over to youtube and found several videos on the "egg in a bottle" experiment described in that article; this one was the best (and most fun :)) - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ctJyu5ete6Y

So much has been discussed on this issue, nevertheless, having come across this blog of a teacher who shares her views on how far teachers in her part of the world are in technology, I though this space was appropriate for her thoughts.

http://successfulteaching.blogspot.com/2008/02/technology-in-classroom.html 

Technology rewiring our brains???How??? Scientists are saying it, studies are being done and even Socrates is quoted as predicting to there being a change among people- "a rise in the written word". So am I talking of something stale or is the debate still on?? Read this article and form your views:

http://www.eschoolnews.com/news/top-news/index.cfm?i=56280  

It certainly seems plausible - that a human brain that has as much exposure to digital technologies as the children of today do, will eventually "evolve". That is athe process of evolution anyway. In Socrates' time - I'm sure the brain was not so good at processing written text, and today maybe kids are more adept at playing video games than social interaction which involves only oral exchanges. The human species adapts to survive well in its environment, and if the environment is full of digital stimuli, then there must be some changes in the brain too, I suppose.

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